Human Capital
Mahdi Shahraki; simin ghaderi
Abstract
This paper investigated the probability of employment of mothers and children (aged 10–18) in Iranian urban household and the factors which influence them with expansion of neoclassic model. Biprobit model and the Stata Software were used to that end. The sample size includes 6517 Iranian urban ...
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This paper investigated the probability of employment of mothers and children (aged 10–18) in Iranian urban household and the factors which influence them with expansion of neoclassic model. Biprobit model and the Stata Software were used to that end. The sample size includes 6517 Iranian urban households (in 2014) who had children aged 10–18. The data was extracted from the Urban Household National Survey. 46. 4% of the sample are females and 54. 6% are males. 93. 97% of children are unemployed and 6. 03% are employed. The results showed that children do not necessarily drop out of school to work and be employed. An increase in the level of education of parents negatively influences the employment of the children aged 10–18, and the effect of father’s education is more decisive in this regard. Furthermore, the increasing of father’s education reduces the possibility of mother’s employment in this household. The substitution effect showed that mother’s and child’s employment are substitutes, as is father’s employment with mother’s and child’s employment. The wealth effect showed that an increase in household per capita income reduces the possibility of children’s employment and raises the possibility of mother’s employment. Furthermore, the size of the family reduces the possibility of mother’s employment and raises the possibility of children’s employment.
Mahdi Shahraki; Simin Ghaderi
Volume 5, Issue 19 , June 2015, , Pages 136-115
Abstract
Infrastructures are one of the most important tools for transferring technology from developed countries to developing ones. These infrastructures will also increase the economic activities; decrease the production and transportation costs, and finally increase the efficiency. Thus, they can affect the ...
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Infrastructures are one of the most important tools for transferring technology from developed countries to developing ones. These infrastructures will also increase the economic activities; decrease the production and transportation costs, and finally increase the efficiency. Thus, they can affect the economic growth. This study investigates the direct and indirect effects of education and health, and economic infrastructures on the economic growth of Iran from 1980 to 2011. To that end, an equation system was designed which uses 2SLS. The findings showed that one percent increase in the education and health infrastructures will increase GDP by 0.06, and increase the foreign direct investment by 0.03. The indirect effect of improving education and health infrastructures on economic growth via foreign investment is 0.06 while export can bring about a 0.02 increase in economic growth.
